Hampstead has always attracted people who think differently, writers, scientists, performers, radicals, visionaries. Something about the combination of village atmosphere, proximity to the Heath, and distance from the centre of the city seems to create the conditions for creative work and unconventional lives.
The blue plaques that dot the streets of NW3 are not decorations; they are a record of one of the most remarkable concentrations of talent in London's history.
This guide expands on the figures we have already explored, Keats, Shelley, Constable, Freud, Orwell, and introduces seven more residents who shaped culture, politics, and art from these same streets and Heath-side houses.
Anna Pavlova: The Swan of North End Road
Of all the remarkable people who made their home in Hampstead, few left as distinctive a mark on the physical landscape as Anna Pavlova, the Russian ballerina who is widely considered the greatest dancer of the early twentieth century.
From 1912 until her death in 1931, Pavlova lived at Ivy House on North End Road, a substantial Georgian property with grounds large enough to accommodate the swans she kept in the garden pond, an affectation that delighted visitors and mystified neighbours in equal measure.
Pavlova had come to London as an international star, already famous across Europe and America for her interpretation of The Dying Swan, the solo piece choreographed for her by Michel Fokine that became the defining image of her career.
She chose Hampstead, it seems, for the same reasons many creative people chose it: the space, the relative quiet, the gardens, the sense of being in the country while remaining accessible to the city.
She fitted out a studio in the grounds of Ivy House and continued to rehearse and train there throughout her years in the village.
Her presence in Hampstead was not merely domestic. She hosted parties for the London artistic world, taught classes to young dancers, and maintained the Swan Lake swans that gave her garden its particular character.
When she died in The Hague in January 1931, of pleurisy, contracted after refusing to cancel a performance, the news reached Hampstead before it reached most of London.
Her friends and neighbours already knew her as a fixed point in the village, not merely as a celebrity passing through.
Ivy House still stands on North End Road, now converted to flats, and a blue plaque marks her time there. It is one of the more moving plaques on the trail, partly because the building remains so recognisably what it was, a large, gracious house with space for a life lived generously.
Katherine Mansfield: The Vale of Health Years
Katherine Mansfield was born in New Zealand in 1888 and died in France in 1923, at thirty-four, of tuberculosis. In between, she produced a body of short fiction that changed the form, spare, psychologically acute, alive to small moments in the way that Chekhov was and almost no one else has been since.
Her time in Hampstead, spent in the Vale of Health, was among the most productive and also the most difficult of her life.
The Vale of Health is one of Hampstead's stranger pockets, a small cluster of houses and lanes at the southern edge of the Heath, reached via a path from East Heath Road and feeling, even now, oddly separate from the village.
It was here that Mansfield lived during the years of her closest friendship with D.H. Lawrence and John Middleton Murry, the critic and editor she eventually married.
The relationships in this circle were intense and not always pleasant, Lawrence and Mansfield had a complicated friendship that veered between mutual admiration and real antagonism, but the intellectual energy was genuine.
The stories Mansfield wrote during her Hampstead years include some of her finest. The Garden Party, published in 1922, draws on her New Zealand childhood but was written in the last years of her life when she was living partly in London, partly in the south of France, moving between climates in an attempt to manage her illness.
The precision of her domestic observation, the particular quality of light and social anxiety in that story, feels continuous with the Hampstead world she inhabited, careful attention to the surfaces of middle-class life and what lay beneath them.
There is a blue plaque at her Vale of Health address, and the surrounding streets reward a slow walk. The hamlet has changed less than almost anywhere else in NW3.
H.G. Wells: Science, Society, and the Fabian Circle
H.G. Wells is not always thought of as a Hampstead figure, his life was too itinerant for any single address to define him, but his connection to the neighbourhood runs through one of its most important social networks.
The Fabian Society, the intellectual socialist organisation that shaped progressive British politics for much of the early twentieth century, held many of its most important informal gatherings in Hampstead drawing rooms.
Wells was a member of the Fabians in the early 1900s, and an argumentative one, he attempted a takeover of the organisation in 1906 and was repelled, with some acrimony, by Sidney and Beatrice Webb.
Wells lived for a period in Hampstead, and the suburb was in many ways the natural habitat of the kind of progressive, intellectually ambitious middle class he both represented and anatomised. His science fiction, The Time Machine, The War of the Worlds, The Invisible Man, was written before his Hampstead connections deepened, but the social novels and polemical works of his middle period breathe the air of Fabian London, and Hampstead was central to that world.
The Fabian connection matters because it places Wells within a wider network of Hampstead thinkers. The neighbourhood in the late Victorian and Edwardian periods was densely populated with reformers, writers, and intellectuals who knew each other, argued with each other, and often lived within walking distance of each other.
Wells was part of this network even when he was fighting it.
Peter O'Toole: The Heath at Night
Peter O'Toole arrived in London from Ireland via RADA and spent much of his adult life in Hampstead, living for many years in a house near the Heath that became famous among those who knew him for its hospitality and its disorder.
He was, by any measure, one of the great screen actors of the twentieth century, nominated for the Academy Award eight times without winning, a record that became a kind of legend in itself, and his Lawrence in Lawrence of Arabia (1962) remains one of the most commanding performances in cinema history.
His relationship with Hampstead was that of a man who needed space and the illusion of escape from London while remaining entirely within it. He was famously nocturnal, and the Heath at night, vast, dark, atmospheric in the way of open parkland, suited him.
Neighbours and friends spoke of encountering him on late-night walks across the Heath, alone or in company, the kind of figure who belonged to those hours.
O'Toole's Hampstead was not the intellectual Hampstead of the Fabians or the artistic Hampstead of Constable and Keats. It was something earthier, theatrical, convivial, driven by appetite.
He was, in the best sense, a bohemian, and Hampstead has always had room for that strand alongside the more decorous varieties of achievement. He died in 2013, and is still remembered in the village with genuine warmth.
Glenda Jackson: Actor, Politician, Hampstead Constant
Few people have moved from one demanding public career to another as decisively as Glenda Jackson. She was, first, one of the finest stage and screen actors of her generation, her two Academy Awards for Women in Love (1970) and A Touch of Class (1973), her extraordinary collaborations with Peter Brook and the Royal Shakespeare Company, and then she stepped away from acting to become the Labour MP for Hampstead and Highgate, a seat she held from 1992 to 2015.
Her time as an MP was marked by the same directness and moral seriousness that characterised her acting. She was a fierce critic of the Iraq War and of Tony Blair's government, and she remained a distinctive and sometimes uncomfortable voice in the Labour Party throughout her political career.
She returned to acting after leaving Parliament, playing King Lear at the Old Vic in 2016 to extraordinary reviews, and continuing to perform into her eighties.
Jackson is, in this sense, the quintessential Hampstead figure: someone who took her abilities seriously across different fields, who was not intimidated by convention, and who remained connected to the neighbourhood for most of her working life.
Her constituency, Hampstead and Highgate, was the geographic frame of her political career, and she knew it intimately.
Jonathan Miller: The Polymath of NW3
If there is one person who embodies the Hampstead intellectual tradition of the second half of the twentieth century, it may be Jonathan Miller. He was, in a career that spanned six decades, a physician, a theatre and opera director, a television presenter, a satirist, and a public intellectual of the old school, someone who moved between disciplines because the boundaries between them seemed to him arbitrary and dull.
Miller was born in 1934 and grew up in Hampstead, which perhaps explains his particular relationship with the place, he was not someone who moved there for its associations but someone for whom it was simply home.
He co-wrote and performed in Beyond the Fringe (1960) alongside Peter Cook, Dudley Moore, and Alan Bennett, the satirical revue that is generally credited with launching British satire as a modern form.
From there, he directed plays and operas across the world, most famously his production of The Mikado set in 1920s England, which changed how people thought about what operatic direction could do.
He lived in NW3 for most of his adult life and was a regular presence in the neighbourhood, recognisable, opinionated, entirely unimpressed by celebrity or status.
His friends and collaborators were drawn from across the cultural life of Britain, and many of them were Hampstead neighbours. He died in 2019, and the neighbourhood felt his absence as a real loss rather than the passing of a famous person.
Zadie Smith: NW and the Geography of North London
Zadie Smith did not grow up in Hampstead. She grew up in Brent, the mixed, working-class, post-war suburb to the west of the Heath, and her first novel White Teeth (2000), published when she was twenty-four, drew on that world with a vividness and generosity that announced a major talent immediately.
But the geography of North London, the relationship between Brent and Hampstead, between the world of the Heath and the worlds surrounding it, runs through her work in ways that make her an important figure in the cultural mapping of this part of London.
Her 2012 novel NW takes its title from the postcode district and its subject from the lives of people living on the margins of the Hampstead world, close enough to the Heath and the prosperity of NW3 to see it, far enough away to understand it differently.
It is one of the most precise pieces of London writing in recent decades, and it treats the geography of North London, the specific light on the Heath, the Overground stations, the streets between Kilburn and Hampstead, as moral terrain rather than mere setting.
Smith has spoken and written about Hampstead Heath as a place that shaped her understanding of what London was, the strangeness of having the Heath accessible from communities that were, economically and socially, worlds apart from NW3.
That tension is not resolved in her work, and it should not be. It is one of the more interesting things about Hampstead as a place: its adjacency to very different worlds, and what that produces in the imaginations of people who experience both sides.
The Blue Plaque Trail: A Self-Guided Walk
The figures described in this guide and in our original Famous Residents piece are scattered across a walkable area of NW3. The following route covers the main sites in approximately two hours at a comfortable pace, and can be extended or shortened depending on time and interest.
The Route
Begin at Keats House, Keats Grove, the most complete literary house museum in the neighbourhood, where Keats wrote "Ode to a Nightingale" in the garden. From here, walk north along Downshire Hill, passing The Freemasons Arms (a good note for later) and up into the older streets of the village.
Church Row is your next destination, one of the finest Georgian streets in London, with its matching terraces of early eighteenth-century houses leading to the parish church of St John-at-Hampstead.
The churchyard contains the grave of John Constable, as well as many other notable Hampstead figures. Take time here; it is easy to miss in the rush to the next site.
From Church Row, head towards Flask Walk and then north through the village towards Holly Mount, where The Holly Bush pub occupies a building that dates from the eighteenth century and has been a literary and artistic gathering place for most of that time.
Continue towards North End Road for the plaque at Ivy House, Anna Pavlova's home.
From there, the walk loops back through the Heath via the West Heath entrance, skirting the Vale of Health, allow fifteen minutes to walk into the hamlet and find Katherine Mansfield's former address, before returning south through the Heath to South End Road and the lower village.
South End Road and the surrounding streets bring you to the Freud Museum on Maresfield Gardens, where the extraordinary preservation of Freud's study, the couch, the collection of antiquities, the library, makes it one of London's most compelling house museums.
End the walk here, or continue a short distance to Finchley Road for tube connections, or back up the hill towards Hampstead High Street.
Practical Notes for the Walk
- Total distance: approximately 4-5 kilometres, depending on Heath detours
- Time: two to three hours, including brief stops at key sites
- Best day: weekday mornings for quieter streets; weekends if you want the pubs open for lunch
- Keats House charges a small entry fee and is worth the time for a proper visit; allow forty-five minutes
- The Freud Museum is closed on Mondays and Tuesdays; check opening times before including it in your route
- Wear comfortable shoes, the Heath section is on uneven ground, and the streets around Church Row involve a steep hill
For a fuller picture of Hampstead's literary and artistic history, the Hampstead places guide includes additional detail on many of the locations mentioned here.
Further reading
Further reading
Further reading
